Free Baking Tool

🌡️ Oven Temperature Converter

Convert Fahrenheit to Celsius, Celsius to Fahrenheit, and Gas Mark — instantly. Includes common baking temperatures and oven guide.

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Temperature in °F

Common Temperatures

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Oven Temperature Conversion Chart

Complete Fahrenheit to Celsius conversion chart for baking — with Gas Mark and heat descriptions

Fahrenheit (°F)	Celsius (°C)	Gas Mark	Oven Heat	Best For
200°F	93°C	Gas ¼	Very Low	Meringues, drying fruit
225°F	107°C	Gas ¼	Very Low	Slow drying, pavlova
250°F	121°C	Gas ½	Very Low	Slow baking, cheesecake water bath
275°F	135°C	Gas 1	Low	Slow roasting, custards
300°F	149°C	Gas 2	Low	Pound cake, fruit cake
325°F	163°C	Gas 3	Moderately Low	Cheesecake, banana bread, bundt cake
340°F	171°C	Gas 3-4	Moderate	Delicate cakes
350°F	177°C	Gas 4	Moderate ⭐	Cookies, cakes, muffins, brownies
360°F	182°C	Gas 4	Moderate	Layer cakes
375°F	191°C	Gas 5	Moderately Hot	Cookies, quick breads, muffins
400°F	204°C	Gas 6	Hot	Pies, pastries, roasted vegetables
400°F	204°C	Gas 6	Hot	Pies, pastries, tarts
425°F	218°C	Gas 7	Very Hot	Pizza, crusty bread, puff pastry
450°F	232°C	Gas 8	Extremely Hot	Pizza, artisan bread, searing
475°F	246°C	Gas 9	Extremely Hot	Neapolitan pizza, very crusty bread
500°F	260°C	Gas 10	Broil	Broiling, very high heat cooking

Quick Reference — Most Common Baking Temps

The temperatures you will use 90% of the time

🍪 Cookies & Bars

Cookies (most)	350°F / 177°C
Chewy cookies	375°F / 191°C
Crispy cookies	400°F / 204°C
Brownies	325°F / 163°C
Blondies	350°F / 177°C

🎂 Cakes & Cupcakes

Layer cakes	350°F / 177°C
Cupcakes	350°F / 177°C
Pound cake	325°F / 163°C
Cheesecake	325°F / 163°C
Angel food cake	350°F / 177°C

🍞 Breads & Muffins

Banana bread	350°F / 177°C
Muffins	375°F / 191°C
Quick breads	350°F / 177°C
Yeast bread	375°F / 191°C
Artisan bread	450°F / 232°C

🥧 Pies & Pastries

Pie crust (blind)	375°F / 191°C
Fruit pie	400°F / 204°C
Puff pastry	400°F / 204°C
Tarts	375°F / 191°C
Croissants	400°F / 204°C

400 Degrees Fahrenheit to Celsius

400°F = 204°C = Gas Mark 6 — This is considered a “Hot” oven. It is perfect for pies, pastries, roasted vegetables, and any recipe that needs a golden, crispy exterior.

400 degrees Fahrenheit is one of the most commonly searched oven conversions because it sits right at the threshold between moderate and high heat baking. At 400°F (204°C), the Maillard reaction — the browning process — happens quickly, giving baked goods a beautiful golden color and slightly crispy exterior while keeping the inside moist.

350°F to Celsius — The Most Common Baking Temperature

350 degrees Fahrenheit equals 177 degrees Celsius or Gas Mark 4. This is the most common baking temperature in American recipes — it is the standard temperature for cookies, cakes, muffins, and most quick breads. When a recipe does not specify a temperature, 350°F is usually a safe assumption.

325°F to Celsius — Low and Slow Baking

325 degrees Fahrenheit equals 163 degrees Celsius or Gas Mark 3. This lower temperature is used for cheesecakes, pound cakes, and bundt cakes — recipes that need gentle, even heat throughout to prevent cracking or over-browning on the outside before the center sets.

375°F to Celsius — Perfect for Cookies and Muffins

375 degrees Fahrenheit equals 191 degrees Celsius or Gas Mark 5. This slightly higher temperature is ideal for cookies that need to spread and set quickly, muffins with a domed top, and quick breads. The extra heat creates a faster rise and more golden exterior.

Convection Oven vs Regular Oven Temperatures

Convection ovens have a fan that circulates hot air, cooking food faster and more evenly than a regular (conventional) oven. This means you need to adjust your temperature or baking time when using a convection oven.

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Temperature Rule

Reduce the temperature by 25°F (15°C) when using convection. If the recipe says 350°F, set your convection oven to 325°F.

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Time Rule

Reduce baking time by 25%. A cake that bakes for 40 minutes in a regular oven takes about 30 minutes in convection.

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Check Early

Always start checking your baked goods 5-10 minutes before the recipe time when using convection mode for the first time.

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Best For Cookies

Convection is excellent for cookies — they brown more evenly and you can bake multiple trays at once without rotating.

How to Convert Oven Temperatures

To convert Fahrenheit to Celsius, use this simple formula: subtract 32 from the Fahrenheit temperature, then multiply by 5/9. For example, to convert 350°F to Celsius: (350 – 32) × 5/9 = 318 × 0.556 = 176.7°C, which rounds to 177°C.

To convert Celsius to Fahrenheit, multiply the Celsius temperature by 9/5, then add 32. For example, to convert 180°C to Fahrenheit: 180 × 9/5 + 32 = 324 + 32 = 356°F, which is approximately 350°F.

Easy shortcut: For a rough conversion, double the Celsius temperature and add 30 to get approximate Fahrenheit. For example, 180°C × 2 = 360, + 30 = 390°F (actual is 356°F — close enough for everyday cooking).

Frequently Asked Questions

Common oven temperature questions answered

What is 350°F in Celsius? +

350 degrees Fahrenheit equals 177 degrees Celsius, or Gas Mark 4. This is the most common baking temperature in American recipes and is considered a “moderate” oven. It is the standard temperature for cookies, cakes, muffins, cupcakes, and most quick breads. When a US recipe does not specify a temperature, 350°F is usually the assumed standard.

What is 400°F in Celsius? +

400 degrees Fahrenheit equals 204 degrees Celsius, or Gas Mark 6. This is considered a “Hot” oven temperature. It is ideal for pies, pastries, roasted vegetables, pizza, and any recipe that needs a golden, crispy exterior. At 400°F, the browning process (Maillard reaction) happens quickly, giving baked goods a beautiful golden color.

What is 375°F in Celsius? +

375 degrees Fahrenheit equals 191 degrees Celsius, or Gas Mark 5. This “moderately hot” temperature is perfect for cookies that need to spread and set quickly, muffins with a domed top, quick breads, and yeast bread rolls. It gives a slightly crispier exterior than 350°F while still allowing the inside to cook through properly.

What is 325°F in Celsius? +

325 degrees Fahrenheit equals 163 degrees Celsius, or Gas Mark 3. This lower “moderately low” temperature is used for cheesecakes, pound cakes, bundt cakes, and banana bread. The gentle heat allows the interior to cook through completely without over-browning the exterior or cracking the top of delicate cakes.

What is 180°C in Fahrenheit? +

180 degrees Celsius equals 356 degrees Fahrenheit, which is commonly rounded to 350°F in American recipes. This is why 180°C is so commonly used in UK, Australian, and European baking recipes — it is the equivalent of the standard American 350°F moderate baking temperature. Gas Mark 4 is the equivalent gas oven setting.

How do I convert a convection oven temperature? +

To convert a regular oven recipe for a convection oven, reduce the temperature by 25°F (about 15°C). So if a recipe says 350°F, set your convection oven to 325°F. Alternatively, keep the same temperature but reduce the baking time by 25%. Convection ovens circulate hot air with a fan, which cooks food faster and more evenly than a conventional oven.

What oven temperature is best for baking cookies? +

The best oven temperature for most cookies is 350°F (177°C). For chewy cookies with soft centers, 375°F (191°C) works well because the faster heat sets the edges before the center. For crispy cookies, 400°F (204°C) gives a crunchier result. For extra thick bakery-style cookies, some bakers use 325°F (163°C) for a longer bake that cooks through evenly.

What temperature should I bake a cake at in Celsius? +

Most cakes bake best at 177°C (350°F). Dense cakes like pound cake and bundt cake do better at 163°C (325°F) — the lower heat allows them to cook through without over-browning. Cheesecakes bake at 163°C (325°F) or even lower at 149°C (300°F) for a water bath method. Cupcakes bake at 177°C (350°F) for about 18-22 minutes.

Why do UK and US recipes use different temperatures? +

US recipes use Fahrenheit while UK, Australian, and European recipes use Celsius — this is simply a difference in measurement systems. The UK also uses Gas Mark for gas ovens. The temperatures are the same — 180°C in a UK recipe is the same heat as 356°F in a US recipe (commonly rounded to 350°F). This converter helps you quickly switch between the two systems.

What does Gas Mark mean and how does it compare to Fahrenheit? +

Gas Mark is a temperature scale used for gas ovens, primarily in the UK and Ireland. Gas Mark 4 equals 350°F (177°C), Gas Mark 6 equals 400°F (204°C), and Gas Mark 7 equals 425°F (218°C). The conversion table above shows the full Gas Mark to Fahrenheit and Celsius chart. Most modern recipes include both Fahrenheit and Celsius, but older UK recipes may only list Gas Mark.

My oven runs hot — how do I adjust the temperature? +

Most home ovens run 25°F (15°C) hotter or cooler than the dial setting. An inexpensive oven thermometer (around $10) placed inside your oven tells you the actual temperature. If your oven runs hot, reduce the set temperature by 25°F. If baked goods consistently burn on the bottom, place your baking rack higher and consider using a lighter colored baking pan, which absorbs less heat.

What is a moderate oven temperature? +

A moderate oven temperature is 350°F to 375°F (177°C to 191°C), which is Gas Mark 4 to 5. This range is used for the majority of baking recipes including cakes, cookies, muffins, and quick breads. “Moderately low” is 325°F (163°C), “moderately hot” is 375-400°F (191-204°C), and “hot” is 400-425°F (204-218°C).

Oven Temperature Converter — Fahrenheit to Celsius